Essay on Positive and Negative Effects of Technology in...

To Plug in or Not to Plug in Do personal technologies like phones, iPods, and computers connect or disconnect us? The opinions vary from person to person and generation to generation. Two opinions that we’ll look at specifically are from Andrew Sullivan, a blogger and columnist for the Sunday Times of London, and Anna Akbari, a professor at New York University. When looked at briefly, Sullivan and Akbari’s views seem to be like the opposite sides of the same coin. Sullivan argues from a more personal standpoint that personal technology shuts us out from the world. Akbari, on the other hand, sees technology and our personal devices as a way to open the world up to us and provides facts and results from professional studies that†¦show more content†¦What Sullivan repeatedly revolves around is this whole idea of technology creating our own world, that of which we have complete control. This ability to control our own world becomes narcissistic and eliminates the serendipity of life, or the happy accidents that you could run into. With having control of your own world through technology, everything is specifically tailored to you. The music you listen to is completely to your likes, the things you read all agree with your personal views thus creating less challenging and thought provoking experiences, and the people you ‘meet’ aren’t by chance, but chosen by a friend request or because you decide to take out the ear buds and talk. The happy chances of hearing something new, learning something new, and meeting someone completely different from you, according to Sullivan, are drastically affected by our technology. We end up living in this virtual reality instead of the real world and we deprive ourselves of the actual experience of really living and being human. By contrast, Akbari says, â€Å"We are on a connection journey that happens through the symbiotic relationship of in-person encounters and electronically mediated interactions.† And so I believe it safe to say that this concept of technology creating aShow MoreRelatedTechnology On Our Generation s Future1239 Words   |  5 Pages Technology on our Generation’s Future Technology is machinery created by scientific knowledge that serves an active role in our industries (Computerhope). Around the world technology has become one of the most popular forms of communication (Computerhope). Starting with regular rotary phones and advancing into Instagram, twitter and facetime. Technology dating back to 1943 when the first computer was created by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly, and still has a major impact on our lives whileRead MoreTechnology s Impact On Society1507 Words   |  7 Pagesalia Monsanto ENC1101-Swirsky Argumentative/Persuasive Essay Technology’s Impact on Society 21ST century technology has indubitably made life more convenient for us. This can be looked at in a positive or in a negative way. Technology has essentially taken over the world. Replacing almost everything in our homes, schools and communities. Modern Technology has brought tons of negative effects on society including depression, lack of social skills, obesity, poor sleep habits, stress, constant distractionsRead MoreConsumerism Has Changed Our Society1342 Words   |  6 PagesConsumerism over centuries has shaped our society into the world we live in today. Throughout our history, the American dream has been to become the most successful person you can possibly become given the opportunities presented to you. 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Other believe that through using internet imagination is lessened, and that it leaves students not understanding what was readRead MoreModern Technology And Its Effect On Society1439 Words   |  6 PagesModern Technology Modern technology is machinery that makes people’s lives easier and convenient. In today’s fast paced society modern technology plays the most important role in society. Technology surrounds almost everywhere and everyone in modern society. We can say this time as the technological age because of the today’s dependence on technology. Technological products are available everywhere and everyone is using it. We are living in the 21st century, time of science and modern technology andRead MoreTechnology Has A Good Or Bad Effect On Learning Today?1136 Words   |  5 PagesDo you think that technology has a good or bad effect on learning today? The authors Clive Thompson, David Gelernter, Emily Yoffe, Nicholas A. Christakis, and James H. Fowler; all have different views on how technology s effects on today’s generation. Clive Thompson thinks technology helps students a lot in this day and age. David Gelernter thinks Computers cannot teach and should not be use d for teaching roles. Emily Yoffe Thinks that technology has a major effect on our mind, and school. NicholasRead MoreThe Effects Of Cellphones On Our Daily Lives Essay1679 Words   |  7 Pagestechnological advances and continual rise in interest, large amounts of research have been done on the overall impact that technology has had. We have previously stated that the goal of our study is to determine the overall effects that cellphones play on face-to-face interactions with one another on a daily basis. It is important to grasp the research being done on technology as a whole. There are currently mass amounts of research on the impact that cellphones have, but it seems that there isRead MoreImplications For The Future Paper1627 Words   |  7 Pagesprovide two strategies for promoting positive environmental behavior, how positive and negative consequences can increase pro-environmental behavior, describe one positive and one negative example how technology advances have impac ted our environment, and talk about the influence of the environmental policies. Two Strategies for Promoting Positive Environmental Behavior One strategy that would help to promote a positive environmental behavior would be Positive Cueing. Cues are elements in the environment

Gender Roles During The Epic Of Gilgamesh An Epic Poem

Brandon Olmos April 4, 2017 Gender Roles In Gilgamesh, an epic poem, gender roles play a large role in the plot line. Even female goddesses had some key roles through this ancient epic. They might not have necessarily had the same strengths and duties to their male counterparts, but their roles were substantial. Even though the main characters in this epic, Enkidu and Gilgamesh, are male, women still had major roles in their tale. In the story of Ruth, Naomi and her mother-in-law defy gender roles and work for what they have in their place in society. The men in the epic obviously have a positions of power. For example, Gilgamesh in charge of Uruk. Uruk is a city that is really advanced for its time. It was the biggest and the†¦show more content†¦She is a minor goddess, and she definitely has a power role as she is the mother of a demigod. She has his ear, and can steer him in the direction that she wants. In the story of Ruth, Ruth also has an important role in the gender scheme. Ruth is the ideal woman. She is displays good virtue and morals. Ruth was originally married to Elimelech. However, Elimelech and his sons died, leaving Ruth to be a widow without any children. This story in particular deals with gender roles within family dynamics. Ruth originally has the typical family dynamic until the death of her family transforms her life. This was not the typical family dynamic in her culture, as she decides to marry out of her clan. Ruth is definitely not the typical woman as she marries a man from Judah, which is taboo for the two groups of people as they have their differences. She marries Boaz, who treats her well and appreciates her for moving with him. Boaz is affectionate man and shows his respect for Ruth by defending her from sexual harassment from his men. The fact at sexual harassment is the norm in that particular society speaks to how women were treated. They were treated like objects. Ruth was also put to work by Boaz to gut his fields, showing that women were used as tools. Even though Boaz was accepting, his father in law is not as accepting of Ruth, due to the fact that she isn’t like their people. However, even with all the odds against herShow MoreRelatedAthanasia: Human Impermanence and the Journey for Eternal Life in the Epic of Gilgamesh1740 Words   |  7 PagesAthanasia: Human Impermanence and the Journey for Eternal Life in the Epic of Gilgamesh â€Å"Will you too die as Enkidu did? Will grief become your food? Will we both fear the lonely hills, so vacant? I now race from place to place, dissatisfied with whereever I am and turn my step toward Utnapishtim, godchild of Ubaratutu† (Jackson â€Å"Gilgamesh Tablet IX† 4-9) Gilgamesh so much feared death that he threw away his honor as a warrior in order to obtain immortality. For centuries there have existed individualsRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh : The Goddess Aruru, The Temple Prostitute, And The Unnamed Bride1206 Words   |  5 Pagesimportant women in the epic of Gilgamesh: the goddess Aruru, the temple prostitute Shamhat, and the unnamed bride. Each of these individuals give unique insight into the culture of the Sumerians in the time of Gilgamesh and Enkidu. The goddess Aruru exemplifies that, despite being a deity, all women were subjected to certain constraints based solely on their gender and societal norms. Shamhat demonstrates that women held various functional roles in society, including roles within religion and religiousRead MoreThe Epic of Gilgamesh, King of Uruk2127 Words   |  8 Pages In The Epic of Gilgamesh, women step out of their gender-specific roles where they are not only portrayed as the maternal figure but also the transmitter of civilization, the agent of knowledge and the intercessor. At the same time, they are depicted as the agent of destruction too. As such, although the females get a smaller portion of the narrative as compared to the men, they are indeed significant as they through their roles, they are able to guide and help the male figures in their heroic questRead MoreThe Epic of Gilgamesh2440 Words   |  10 PagesThe Epic of Gilgamesh The Epic of Gilgamesh is an ancient artifact from Sumerian literature. There actually was a King in Sumer by the name of Gilgamesh, who lived at about 2700 BC. The Epic casts Gilgamesh as a ruler and great hero and cast as being part man and part god. The story has Gilgamesh set off with a companion in search of cedar wood to bring back to their woodless land. His companion is killed during a violent storm. The Sumerian Epic blames the death upon the storm god, Enlil. GilgameshRead MoreWomen ´s Role in Litetraute1102 Words   |  5 Pageswomen can now be independent. From the first material The Epic of Gilgamesh to Inferno, women’s power and roles is getting stronger and more important. For the Aeneid, Virgil mentioned different people (gods, goodness, women, and mortal men) role that live in Aeneas. Each character has their own specific part for the impersonal fate staying in Aeneas. There are a few women in these characters. In the Aeneas life, women did play an important role. Like Venus, Lavinia, Penelope, and Juno, they can affect

Reverse Engineering Methodologies

Question: Discuss about theReverse Engineering Methodologies. Answer: Introduction: Reverse Engineering is the method of disassembling a particular instrument or material or computer program to extract and analyze the information, and reuse the details for recreation of items. It is used mainly for analyzing the original design involved, re-documentations of old systems, and sometimes in analyzing and removing malicious computer programs. Taking an example if the lead software engineer leaves the job in the middle of the project, it's difficult to operate the same program by a new programmer. Reverse Engineering is needed to analyze and document the programs and handle this type of situation. This process should not be used for getting a pirated version of the program that may defy the originality of the product and this is considered as copyright violation. Therefore certified program should not allow reverse engineering. Overview of Reverse Engineering The technique used to retrieve data from machine code is divided into 3 categories. Such as without the help of data browsing, having corporate acquaintance and skill and computer-assisted techniques like reverse engineering (Tilley,2000). If we consider all the category, then reverse engineering process is most effective and most advance way to recover data. A software reverse engineering can handle all the complication of the program environment. It can easily find out the source code from the binary code. Normally, the source code contains high level of information and program logic, whereas binary code is a compiled piece of source code which is only machine readable. It can easily reduce the workload of an engineer as it supplies error free program and helps in code scanning, reading, searching etc. The work procedure for it includes scanning the program and then reconstruct it. Some steps are demonstrated below. First phase: The product is first analyzed for different modules, process, sub-process, data elements and then the components which will be reverse engineered are identified. Second phase: This phase involves most of the work. Modules and processes identified in the first phase are decompiled to generate the source code. Each logical component is broken into separate readable programming unit. Third phase: At this stage the decompiled units are used to recreate the new product or document the original legacy system. The newly created product is then tested for system integrity, logical correctness, and desired output. Fourth phase: The final stage involves deploying the new product which has inherited features from the parent application. Obfuscation Some people use reverse engineering in a negative way. They are called hackers(Rich,2004). They decode data for abducting purpose and injecting malicious product. Then a new concept came which is called obfuscation. It is a process to make the program more confusing, willfully ambiguous or harder to understand (Welz,2008). It may be intentional or unintentional obscuring the data. The main intention is to reduce the number of hackers by not allowing them to extract original program. It can protect by different security tools. It can easily control the privacy of a software. The obfuscation of code is a technique which can protect software against attackers and can hide malicious content. Basically, the general aspect of an assembly source code can be obfuscated in many different ways. They are Refactoring String Encryption Refactoring It is the most common technique to be used. It can be achieved by renaming each and every identifier within a project. It cannot be used in all modules. So before using it the whole source code must be analyzed and modified accordingly. String Encryption Sometimes we use any unprintable character in the machine code, so that identifiers cannot read it. This technique is called string encryption, which embeds the encryption key and the decryption function within the code. Using some tools, we can combine a very large number of techniques to produce much obfuscated code. In recent years, code obfuscation can be done through a very reasonable price which can emphasize software security. Obfuscating Transformations Obfuscating transformations is divided into two broad classes. Surface obfuscation Transformation- It can obfuscate the main syntax of a program. Structural obfuscation Transformation- It obfuscates the main arrangement of the program in the structural basis. We can either change its control flow diagram or its behavior(Cho,2010). There are three variant control flow techniques. Such as Basic Control Flow Flattening Inter- procedural Data Flow Artificial Blocks and Pointers Deobfuscation There are number of transformation process require for reversing the code of obfuscation. They are Static Path Feasibility- It is used to refer limitation of basic analysis. It checks whether the new prepared path is workable or not. Cloning- Most of the obfuscation technique relies on the actual execution path into the program to prevent stationary analysis of the program(Babic,2010). These paths can never be taken at run time, but cause false information to be produced along them during program analyses. That's why it reduces the accuracy of information and making it harder to understand the program logic. Both Static and Dynamic Analysis- The actual set of edges is a subset of Static deobfuscation techniques. Dynamic analyses can trace the new program and also prepare different model. Sometimes only one can't do the entire process. So we need to combine both for better result. Role of Static Dynamic Analysis The process which can identify the unknown subject inside a program is called malware analysis. virus, worm, or Trojan horse is some example of it. So it is an essential step to build such technique which can easily identify the malware product. It is important to develop different malware analysis tools to make more effective reverse engineering process. In the past, analysis of virus has been done through an instruction manual procedure which is tiresome and time-intensive. But the number of cases increased, according to time. For all this we need automation in malware analysis. Although security was done after the software development process, but it was not sufficient. Now security testing is done throughout the entire software development life cycle (SDLC). This life cycle is divided into four separate phases, i.e. Design, Development, Production, Maintenance (Clements,2003). After completing every phase, the product is gone for testing which makes it more secure. Automated Inspecting Application can be done in two ways. Dynamic Analysis It is a process to examine a program during run time. A vast number of techniques are used for extraction of data. Dynamic analysis also finalizes the coverage area of code and different dynamic path to follow. Normally, the paths do not consider for testing process which lead bug factor. It works by providing a format of actual programming or integrating the provided code which can originally require during the time of execution(Bus,2004). There are some tools according to run time given below. Compile-time instrumentation gcov, gprof, dmalloc Dynamic translation/VM Valgrind, DynamoRIO, Pin Static Analysis The process which can examine the source code after completion of the program is known as static analysis. There are some process which is used to uncover issues like data-flow analysis, static analysis. Static analysis scan each and every source file and prepare a research chart for analysis and review(Linn,2003). There are some language and their tools given below. Language and framework Static tools C++ or C VisualCodeGrepper, Splint JavaScript JSHint, JSLint Java technology LAPSE+, FindBugs, VisualCodeGrepper Python PyChecker, pylint Ruby on Rails Brakeman, codesake_dawn PHP RIPS Automation in Reverse Engineering Now technology is evolving and automation is frequently used in reverse engineering. Some examples are demonstrated. If we consider Java, then there are different Java compilers. The Java byte-code is completely reversible due to its architecture independence. The most tricky work is decompiling C language. Hex Rays does provide a C Decompiler, but C is a complex language. Context also plays a huge role. Just like what is the difference between pointer or character. The answer is nothing, except the context in which it's used. There are approximately three processes follow to produce a linear regression model of a nonlinear system. Such as automation in probing, partitioning and snipping. Automation in Probing- In this process the extracted algorithms are first converted into a model, then this passive model is converted into an active model through automation which is basically tested in various different stages. Partitioning- It is the division process of algorithm in different equations. For partitioning normally, algorithm follows the random optimization process. Snipping- It is the simplification process during automation. It can easily simplify the algorithm and try to find out errors. It also gives ideas to handle all errors, then redesign a bug free model. In dynamic analysis, Compiler optimizations might use fastcall rather than stdcall. Due to the dual nature of static and dynamic analysis, it's better to merge them which is an applauded work. In two different ways it can be done. The work process is started with dynamic analysis, which try to prepare a different control flow and edge modeling then static analysis try to short cut the flow diagram(Kazman,2003). Conclusion This is the high time to adopt software reverse engineering. If we follow the market, then adoption process is very slow. The effective way is to combine both static and dynamic analysis, which leads to the design recovery of software engineering(Baystate,2011). Every company should focus their program maintenance as well as its protection. It also helps to protect the legacy of code division. Now we have to review back the different phase of program time to time. It can minimize the number of bug factor as well as increase the authentication of the program. That's why some programmer follow the testing cycle repeatedly through the product life cycle. The punishment for the copyright violation should make more dangerous for overcoming all these factor. We should allow more researcher to diversify reverse engineering process. In recent era, Code obfuscation play a vital role for giving error free or virus free product. It can easily minimize the work pressure of a technical. Obfuscati ng transformations depend on the theoretical intricacy properties of some programs. References Comparetti, P. M., Wondracek, G. (2009). Prospex: Protocol specification extraction. In Proceedings of the 2009 30th IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy(Vol. 1, pp. 110125). Welz, T. (2008). Smart cards as methods for payment: Bochum. Rich, C., Waters, R. C. (2004). The Programmers Apprentice: ACM Press. Cho, C. Y., Babic, D. (2010). Inference and Analysis of Formal Models of Botnet Command and Control Protocols: ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security. Cross, J. (2001). Reverse engineering and design recovery: A taxonomy. In IEEE Software(Vol. 7(1), pp. 1317). Tilley, S. R. (2000). The Canonical Activities of Reverse Engineering. Netherlands: Baltzer Science Publishers. Clements, P., Kazman, R. (2003). Software Architecture in Practice: Addison-Wesley. Bus, D. Be., Sutter, B. De. (2004). Link-time optimization of arm binaries: In Proc. 2004 ACM Conf. on Languages, Compilers and Tools for Embedded Systems(Vol. 1, pp. 211-220). Linn, C., Debray, S. K. (2003). Obfuscation of executable code to improve resistance to static disassembly: In Proc. 10th. ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security(Vol. 1, pp. 290299). Baystate, v. (2011). Bowers Discussion: Utsystem.

Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership

The success or breakdown of collaborative governance mainly depends on leadership. Collaborative leaders usually play an encouraging and facilitative role in the organization that enables the stakeholders to effectively work together as a group.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts: Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Collaborative leaders have a distinctive quality which is to facilitate not to direct. They must formulate a condition that hold up the stakeholders contributions towards collaborative process and create effective transactions between them. There are three types of facilitative leadership and they include: steward leadership, mediator leadership and catalyst leadership. A steward leader normally facilitates the process of collaboration by protecting the veracity of collaborative process. On the other hand, a leader who as sists in nurturing and arbitrating relationships involving stakeholders is known as mediator. Lastly, a catalyst leader helps the stakeholders to recognize and identify their value-creating prospects. Facilitative leadership requires leaders to take part in these three roles. They should however ensure that their relative eminence of these three roles greatly depend on collaborative goals, antecedent condition and system context. There are also two special facilitative leadership styles and they include: organic leadership who has the potential to draw social capital in an extensive was since they belong to stakeholder community and there is professional facilitator who belongs to outside community but is autonomous of stakeholders (Ansell Gash 2008, p. 552) These two leadership styles have special weaknesses and strengths. They can both act as honest brokers, however professional facilitator usually find it easier to establish neutrality but have harder time persuading and motivat ing stakeholders to formulate effective contributions.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Organic leaders have the potential to mobilize and cajole but usually do not have the power to convince their stakeholders. Professional facilitators however do have the power to convince their stakeholders and maintain their integrity. Despite the fact that organic leaders can convene collaborative forums, they are usually the major object of distrust when collaboration unfolds. This is the time when professional facilitators will facilitate meditation process effectively. Collaborative Governance Leaders are important since they efficiently collaborate towards creative problem-solving, service delivery and consensus. They however need to perform within the limits enforced by voluntary action and shared power (Vangen Huxham 2003, p. 22). Powerful catalytic leadership is always r equired from organic leaders who aim at collaborative governance for creative problem-solving. Perspectives on Organizational Change: Systems and Complexity Theories The ability for change management and survival in organization is increasingly becoming paramount in an environment where there is high competition and market globalization exists. Organizations are therefore forced to acquire competitive advantage by having the potential survive and manage change. The process of organizational change can be successful if examined through complexity and systems theories which have the potential to equip leaders in various organizations with understanding and knowledge on how they can adapt and respond to demands and uncertainties of change in the global market (Amagoh 2008). Complexity and systems theories are useful in different areas in an organization and they include: in organizational design, corporate strategy, organizational intelligence and in knowledge management (Amagoh 2008, p. 542).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts: Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Changes in any organizations are usually interconnected to various complex effects and causes. Complexity and systems theories can offer the managers with avenues of how they can address complex dilemmas in the organization and how they can learn to appreciate them too (McElroy 2000, p. 201). Many attempts have been made to apply Organizational change theories since 20th century. The initial effort that was made involved system theory models which were majorly concerned with constancy and equilibrium and how they could be upheld through negative response control. The business is being scrutinized as corporate environment through the systems theory. Stakeholder’s relations are what comprise of organization environment. However, organizational envi ronment is increasing in complexity such that the system concepts are no longer sufficient to handle the complex phenomena (Amagoh 2008). This is the reason why complexity theory emerged which was meant to handle complex issues such as non-equilibrium, instability, entropy and surfacing of new structures and patterns in the organization (Amagoh 2008). Based on complexity theories views, systems are evolving; they can organize themselves to formulate a new thing.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The most common trends in contemporary organizations are usually towards pervasive and continuous change and interdependence increase. They do also close parallels between public and private sectors where similar environmental tests are experienced. Public and private organizations are therefore forced to face tumultuous environments which are characterized by many uncertainties caused by dramatic changes brought by economical, technological and political factors. A more complete and vibrant change management analysis has been formulated to help in comprehending management process better. This is why, complexity and system theories were integrated to help understand the fluid process disruptiveness of organizational change (Amagoh 2008). Client Empowerment and Quality Assurance In United Kingdom, quality of work offered by social care services is usually measured in terms of Best Value reports or Quality Indicators. It is however generally concerned about regular performance measure ment. User satisfaction survey is usually required. However this methodology does not normally give the user the chance to respond in holistic manner concerning the services offered. This means that the clients are not empowered when it comes to measuring quality creating a big dilemma on the issue. Anything that is not measured in relation to quality enhancement, client empowerment and quality assurance is normally defined as an outcome, a process or an intervention (Dowling 2008, p. 215). After conducting a study on career and user experience in United Kingdom and Eastern Europe, it was found that client empowerment process is crucial to the future quality enhancement and quality direction of policies in the country. Over 500 individuals gave out their experience of how they are being treated in public. The old, young, children, parents and disabled people were involved in the study. It was found that the welfare users were least empowered in the group in all the countries studied . When it came to gender, class, age, disability, ethnicity, material resource and education, they found that these people were excluded by the society but professionals involved with them together with the staff members are under paid and their status is also too low. The quality of service offered by social services is considered based on how quality is measured, how social service users and careers can contribute to quality service, how the quality of service offered can be improved such that innovative, ongoing and participative quality measurements are developed in social care organizations through career and user partnerships with the staff and managers of social care. There will be different meaning for user and career groups if client empowerment is different and the quality of services offered is different in developed nations. There can be an improvement in quality measurement if the user and the career organizations are in a position to provide evidence on their own thoug hts and perspectives alongside managers, work partners and social care workers. If user and career involvement and evidence are valued and lastly if they resource welfare services in such a way that partnership working can be offered and quality can be measured (Pfeffer Coote 1991, p. 120). Mini-Literature Review This mini-literature review is to find out the difference that exists between the three articles, to find out the questions which the three articles are trying to answer and how they answer the research questions. Lastly, possible research questions concerning the topics of the three articles are formulated which are to be studied. The difference between the three articles discussed above concerns the topics discussed. The first article talks about how the success or breakdown of collaborative governance mainly depends on leadership and facilitated by three facilitative leadership styles known as: steward leadership, mediator leadership and catalyst leadership. The second article talks about how the process of organizational change can be successful if examined through complexity and systems theories. Lastly, the third article talks about client empowerment and quality assurance. The question that the first article (Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts: Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership) is trying to answer is why leadership is an important variable when explaining failure or success of collaborative governance. This is because the success or breakdown of collaborative governance mainly depends on leadership. Collaborative leaders usually play an encouraging and facilitative role in the organization that enables the stakeholders to effectively work together as a group. Collaborative leaders’ role is to facilitate not to direct and contributes towards collaborative process and create effective transactions between stakeholders. On the other hand, the second article (Perspectives on Organizational Change: Systems and Complexity Theories) is trying to answer how organizational change theories of complexity and systems can be used to describe complex, unpredictable, chaotic and dynamic organizational transformation processes. Complexity and systems theories have the potential to endow leaders in various institutions with indulgent and facts on how they can acclimatize and react to stipulations and qualms of change in the global market. The third and the last article (Client Empowerment and Quality Assurance) mainly answers how the quality of social care can be considered based on how quality is measured, how social service careers and users take part in quality service and lastly how to improve service quality to develop quality measurement of social care organizations to increase on innovation. There can be an improvement in quality measurement if the user and the career organizations are in a position to provide evidence on their own thoughts and perspectives alongside managers, work partners and social care workers . If user and career involvement and evidence are valued and lastly if they resource welfare services in such a way that partnership working can be offered and quality can be measured. Lastly, possible research questions concerning the topics of the three articles are: whether client empowerment and quality assurance exists in the world if they are not allowed to give out their thoughts? Why are people still being judged based on their ethnicity, age, class and gender? Secondly, with the coming of new technologies that are being developed every single day, change is paramount and it is something that cannot be avoided; will new organizational theories be developed to manage the complexities that will come with new technologies? Lastly, is collaborative governance success or failure only depends on leadership only? Are there any other factors that affect its performance? List of References Amagoh, F 2008, ‘Perspectives on Organizational Change: Systems and Complexity Theoriesâ €™, The Public Sector Innovation Journal, Vol. 13 no. 3, pp. 530-551. Ansell, C Gash, A 2008, ‘Collaborative Governance in Theory and Practice’, Journal of Public Administration Theory and Practice, vol. 18 no. 4, pp. 543-71. Dowling, M 2008, ‘Client Empowerment and Quality Assurance’, The Public Sector Innovation Journal, vol. 13 no.1, pp. 210-220. McElroy, M 2000, ‘Integrating complexity theory, knowledge management and Organization learning’, Journal of Knowledge Management, vol. 4 no. 3, pp. 195-208. Pfeffer, N Coote, A 1991, Is Quality Good for You? New York: Institute for Public Policy Research. Vangen, S, Huxham, C 2003, ‘ Nurturing Collaborative Relations: Building Trust in Interorganizational Communication’, The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, vol. 39 no. 1, pp. 5-31. This research paper on Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts: Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership was written and submitted by user Lillian Huffman to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.